Rusyn Naming Traditions: Do We All Have an Aunt Mary?

When I was about 12 years old, I was visiting with a second cousin of mine and we turned to the topic of our family.  The conversation turned to talking about our relatives in common.  The conversation sounded something like this...

"My mom has always loved Aunt Mary.  We always enjoy visiting with her," I said.

My cousin replied, "Wait, Aunt Mary...who is your Aunt Mary?  It wouldn't be my Aunt Mary, would it?"

I pondered, "Well, no, I guess it would be your grandmother, Mary.  Who is your Aunt Mary?"

My cousin said, "Well my Aunt Mary is my dad's sister, but HIS Aunt Mary would be YOUR  grandmother, right?  But, I think he had another Aunt Mary too?"

My reply, "Oh, this is just confusing!"

My guess is that if you are reading this and are of Rusyn descent, chances are you also have at least one Aunt Mary or at the very least a Great Aunt Mary or a cousin Mary or two!

Traditional Rusyn naming practices were pretty specific for both sons and daughters.  These practices lead to confusion when doing genealogical research as so many individuals share names with other family members, oftentimes even repeating generation after generation.

When it came to naming sons in the Rusyn culture, it generally went like this: 1) the first son was named after his father, 2) the second son was named after his paternal grandfather, 3) the third son was named after his maternal grandfather and then finally, 4) the next son was named as parents wished. This meant names would be repeated generation after generation.  It wasn't until a family had a fourth son that the name might change to a non-generational name or at least a name that was from a family member that wasn't as closely related (often the name came from a family member what was recently deceased).  This was not a "strict" practice and was often observed with some variation, but was the traditional guideline for naming sons.

The practice of naming girls was also very structured.  How many of you have a female relative who is named Helen?   How about Anna?  Maybe Mary?  In each Rusyn family, tradition indicated that the first daughter be named Mary, second daughter Anna and then the third daughter Helen.  After that, girls were generally named after another family member or a name with Biblical origin.  Again, as with naming the sons, this "protocol" wasn't aways followed, but most families included daughters with at least one or two of these names and/or sometimes they used these names but in a different order.

Is your head spinning yet?  Take a minute to look at an example.  Consider this fictional family (based on real family names):
There are two brothers, John & Alex Taczak.  Their father's name is John Taczak.  Their paternal grandfather is Alex Taczak.  Their maternal grandfather is Paul Gernat.

John Taczak (the older brother) and his wife Mary have sons John, Alex, Paul and Michael and daughters Mary, Helen, Anna and Eva.

Alex Taczak (the younger brother) and his wife Helen have sons Alex, John, Paul and William and daughters Mary, Anna, Helena and Catherine.

In this example, there are already four John Taczaks, four Alex Taczaks, three Helen Taczaks, three Mary Taczaks and multiple others that share the same name!  This example shows only the children of two brothers---most families had many more children thus the results of the naming practices were exponential.  Plus, most families resided in the same village for generations, so eventually cousins were marrying distant cousins---which just added to more confusion with names.  As one might imagine, this leads to confusion in genealogical research.  Getting the names and dates nailed down for different ancestors can be difficult.  Knowing this naming pattern exists can certainly help with identifying ancestors correctly.  Obviously not everyone adhered to these practices completely and/or regional differences existed, but generally speaking this was the traditional way Rusyn people named their children.

So, if you ever wondered about why you had so many aunts, uncles and cousins with the same name, now you know why! Watch for a post soon on Rusyn surnames. There are more practices with surnames that lead to even more confusion!

Here is a good example of Rusyn naming practices.  This is an example from the "Slovakia Census"
 taken in 1869 in what is currently modern-day Circ, Slovakia.
Father's name is Gyorgy, first daughter is Maria, first son Gyorgy and second daughter Anna.

References for this post:
http://www.carpatho-rusyn.org/crs/rnames.htm
http://www.carpatho-rusyn.org/gord.htm
http://www.rusyn.com/crgiven.htm
http://www.tccweb.org/index.htm

Links & Basic Rusyn Information

What is Rusyn?  What does it mean...here are some links and brief summaries that allow you to learn more.

From Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusyns

"Carpatho-Rusyns or Ruthenes (Rusyn: Русины, Rusyns, also sometimes referred to as Carpatho-Russians or Rusnaks) are a primarily diasporic ethnic group who speak an Eastern Slavic language, known as Rusyn. Carpatho-Rusyns descend from a minority of Ruthenians who did not adopt the use of the ethnonym "Ukrainian" in the early twentieth century. The use of the term Rusyn was prohibited by some governments, as seen after 1945 in Soviet Transcarpathia, Poland, and Czechoslovakia.

Today, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Serbia and Croatia officially recognize contemporary Rusyns (or Ruthenes) as an ethnic minority.  In 2007, Carpatho-Rusyns were recognized as a separate ethnicity in Ukraine by the Zakarpattia Regional Council. Rusyns within Ukraine have Ukrainian citizenship, and most have adopted a Ukrainian ethnic identity. Most contemporary self-identified ethnic Rusyns live outside of Ukraine.

Of the estimated 1.2 million people of Rusyn origin, only 55,000 have officially identified themselves politically or ethnically as such, according to contemporary censuses. The ethnic classification of Rusyns as a separate East Slavic ethnicity distinct from Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians is, however, controversial. The majority of Ukrainian scholars, as well as some Rusyns when considering their self-identification, consider Rusyns to be an ethnic subgroup of the Ukrainian people. This is disputed by some Lemko scholars.

The terms Rusyn, Ruthenes, Rusniak, Lemak, Lyshak and Lemko are considered by some scholars to be historic, local, and synonymical names for Carpathian Ukrainians. Others hold that the terms Lemko or Rusnak are simply regional variations for Rusyn or Ruthene."

From Slovakia.org:
http://www.slovakia.org/society-rusyn.htm

"Rusyns (sometimes spelled Rusins, or called Carpatho-Rusyns signifying their villages being in the Carpathian Mountains) are one of the many nationalities/ethnic groups of Slovakia, along with Slovaks, Hungarians, Germans, and Romanies (Gypsies). Rusyns are eastern Slavs, which means that their history, culture, and language are rooted in the medieval Kievan Rus' kingdom (Slovaks, by contrast, are western Slavs), although Slovaks and Rusyns have lived together on the same territory for nearly 1000 years (and share some cultural traits). Traditionally, almost all Rusyns belong to the Byzantine/Greek Catholic or Orthodox Christian churches. Rusyns have never had their own country, but their homeland today lies in 3 countries: Slovakia, Ukraine (the Transcarpathian Oblast, former Subcarpathian Rus/Ruthenia, part of Czecho-Slovakia from 1919 until 1939), and Poland (the Lemko Region, formerly part of Galicia). There are approximately 1.5 million Rusyns in Europe today, and about 120,000 of them are in Slovakia."

I am Rusyn

Geneaology is in my nature; I have always been interested in my ancestral roots.  It is as if I hear my ancestors whispering my name asking me to share their story; it is my calling.

I first became interested in my dad's family, the Adams family.  How cool is it that we are likely related to TWO Presidents of the United States?  How could anyone NOT be interested in that?  How about the fact that my ancestors crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower and the Fortune and participated in that first "Thanksgiving?"  Super neat!  To me, these roots helped me understand the history involved to a deeper extent than most people do.

About 10 years ago, as I was looking at information I had compiled as a kid, it struck me that the quarter of me that was an Adams was just that, a quarter of me.  What about the other three-quarters of me?  I didn't know much more than that I was Slovak and Ukrainian (and possibly Polish!).  I knew the stories of AFTER these families came to the US, but what about before?

At this point I began to search, obviously the first place I turned was the Internet and Ancestry.com.  I kept seeing the same words pop up over and over again on various pages: Rusyn, Ruthenian, Lemko.  These names were associated all six names that I was researching (Oschip, Turenchalk, Ledney, Bitlyan, Taczak and Kovalyak).  What is Rusyn, I asked?  Finally it began to sink in.  That other three-quarters of my blood wasn't from Slovakia, Ukrainian, or Poland; it was all from one common heritage, the Rusyn Heritage.

In this blog, I will share what being Rusyn means and explore the roots of my family.  I hope this blog allows me to expand the knowledge of my family and connect with new family members or others that share this common heritage.  I also want to utilize this blog to help keep the Rusyn heritage alive.